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INSIDE JEB
REVIEW
- Stark trade-offs and elegant solutions in arthropod visual systems
Summary: Many elegant eye specializations that evolved in response to visual challenges continue to be discovered in arthropods. This Review summarizes exciting solutions that animals have evolved in response to specific visual challenges.
SHORT COMMUNICATIONS
- Tokay geckos (Gekkonidae: Gekko gecko) preferentially use substrates that elicit maximal adhesive performance
Summary: Examination of the relationship between adhesive performance and substrate use in Tokay geckos (Gekko gecko) reveals that geckos use the substrate that elicits maximal adhesive performance significantly more often than its relative availability.
- High carbohydrate diet ingestion increases post-meal lipid synthesis and drives respiratory exchange ratios above 1
Summary: Locusts ingesting high carbohydrate diets show a respiratory exchange ratio (RER) above 1 caused by increased CO2 production resulting from increased de novo lipid synthesis.
RESEARCH ARTICLES
- Early-life effects of juvenile Western diet and exercise on adult gut microbiome composition in mice
Summary: Selectively bred high runner mice had a unique microbiome and early-life Western diet had a long-lasting effect after a substantial washout period; in contrast, early-life exercise had fewer microbiome effects.
- Different protein metabolic strategies for growth during food-induced physiological plasticity in echinoid larvae
Summary: Analysis of echinoid larvae during food-induced developmental plasticity reveals that larvae growing at different rates utilize distinct protein metabolic strategies to achieve growth, with the most important difference being mass-specific rates of protein degradation.
- How hornbills handle heat: sex-specific thermoregulation in the southern yellow-billed hornbill
Highlighted Article: In response to increasing air temperature, southern yellow-billed hornbills display sex-specific thermoregulation correlated with sex differences in microclimates during the breeding season
- Omega-3 fatty acids accelerate fledging in an avian marine predator: a potential role of cognition
Summary: Supplementing gull chicks with omega-3 fatty acids in the context of natural deficiency improves their cognitive development, as shown by their ability to fledge earlier by escaping a fence encircling their nest.
- Wing damage affects flight kinematics but not flower tracking performance in hummingbird hawkmoths
Highlighted Article: Hawkmoths compensate for wing damage when tracking flowers in hovering flight: they beat their wings faster and with larger amplitudes, without an impairment in tracking precision.
- Tactile active sensing in an insect plant pollinator
Summary: Hawkmoths systematically sweep the surface of artificial flower-like feeders to extract tactile features and learn a more direct strategy to locate the tiny nectary hole at the flower center.
- Angling gear avoidance learning in juvenile red sea bream: evidence from individual-based experiments
Summary: Red sea bream demonstrated the quick acquisition and long-term retention of angling avoidance learning, and learned angling gear by identifying the fishing line of the angling gear rather than the angling bait.
- Efficient high-voltage protection in the electric catfish
Highlighted Article: Electric catfish are completely immune not only to their own high-voltage electrical shocks but also to external shocks delivered by a commercial electrofishing device.
- Breaking free from thermodynamic constraints: thermal acclimation and metabolic compensation in a freshwater zooplankton species
Summary: Warm-acclimated Daphnia magna show metabolic rate compensation at lethally high temperatures, escaping a non-sustainable temperature-imposed constraint, a pattern apparent in changes in respiration, feeding, swimming and, partly, mitochondrial membrane potential.
- High spatial resolution mapping of the mucosal proteome of the gills of Crassostrea virginica: implication in particle processing
Summary: Fine-scale proteomic profiles of key functional areas of the oyster gill provide a mechanistic explanation for particle selection process in suspension-feeding bivalves.
- Olfactory tracking strategies in a neotropical fruit bat
Summary: Characterization of the olfactory tracking behavior of northern yellow-shouldered bats revealed that the bats can localize an odor reward using klinotaxis and strategic route following, but display fewer head-scanning movements than other mammals.
- Transgenic expression of late embryogenesis abundant proteins improves tolerance to water stress in Drosophila melanogaster
Summary: Expression of transgenic late embryogenesis abundant proteins in embryos and third instar larvae of Drosophila melanogaster improves survival after exposure to desiccation and hyperosmotic stress.
- Effects of variable oxygen regimes on mitochondrial bioenergetics and reactive oxygen species production in a marine bivalve, Mya arenaria
Summary: Mitochondria of a hypoxia-tolerant bivalve are robust to chronic hypoxia but sensitive to oxygen fluctuations that can impair ATP synthesis efficiency and cause oxidative stress.
- Analysis of why sea turtles swim slowly: a metabolic and mechanical approach
Summary: The slow swim speed of sea turtles is regulated by their morphological and physiological features
- Acclimation of intestinal morphology and function in Djungarian hamsters (Phodopus sungorus) related to seasonal and acute energy balance
Summary: Anticipated and acute energetic challenges induce acclimation of the Djungarian hamster small intestine. Seasonal body mass-related adjustments sustain long-term energy balance. Food restriction increases glucose uptake and reduces energy consumption by torpor expression.
- Effects of early-life exposure to sublethal levels of a common neonicotinoid insecticide on the orientation and migration of monarch butterflies (Danaus plexippus)
Summary: The orientation of migratory monarch butterflies flown in a flight simulator or radio-tracked in the wild was not detectably affected by exposure to field-relevant levels of the neonicotinoid clothianidin during caterpillar development.
This issue
Other journals from The Company of Biologists
Welcome to JEB’s new Editor Monica Daley
We are pleased to welcome Monica Daley to JEB’s Editorial team. Monica has had a long association with JEB before taking up her new role, overseeing peer review of neuromuscular physiology, terrestrial biomechanics and integrative physiology of locomotion.
In the field with Robyn Hetem
Continuing our fieldwork series, Robyn Hetem reflects on working with species ranging from aardvark to zebra, and the impact COVID-19 has had on fieldwork.
Read & Publish participation continues to grow
“It is particularly encouraging for early career researchers, as it allows them to display their research globally without the need to find costs to cover the open access option.”
Professor Fernando Montealegre-Z (University of Lincoln) shares his experience of publishing Open Access as part of our growing Read & Publish initiative. We now have over 150 institutions in 15 countries and four library consortia taking part – find out more and view our full list of participating institutions.
Nocturnal reef residents have deep-sea-like eyes
Fanny de Busserolles and colleagues from The University of Queensland have discovered that the eyes of nocturnal reef fish have multibank retinas, layers of photoreceptors, similar to the eyes of deep-sea fish that live in dim light conditions.
Mechanisms underlying gut microbiota–host interactions in insects
In their Review, Konstantin Schmidt and Philipp Engel summarise recent findings about the mechanisms involved in gut colonisation and the provisioning of beneficial effects in gut microbiota–insect symbiosis.