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Research Article
Symbiont regulation in Stylophora pistillata during cold stress: an acclimation mechanism against oxidative stress and severe bleaching
Laura Fernandes de Barros Marangoni, Cecile Rottier, Christine Ferrier-Pagès
Journal of Experimental Biology 2021 224: jeb235275 doi: 10.1242/jeb.235275 Published 10 February 2021
Laura Fernandes de Barros Marangoni
Marine Department, Centre Scientifique de Monaco, 8 Quai Antoine 1er, Monaco MC-98000, Principality of Monaco
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  • For correspondence: laurafbmarangoni@gmail.com
Cecile Rottier
Marine Department, Centre Scientifique de Monaco, 8 Quai Antoine 1er, Monaco MC-98000, Principality of Monaco
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Christine Ferrier-Pagès
Marine Department, Centre Scientifique de Monaco, 8 Quai Antoine 1er, Monaco MC-98000, Principality of Monaco
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ABSTRACT

Widespread coral bleaching and mortality, leading to coral reef decline, have been mainly associated with climate-change-driven increases in sea surface temperature. However, bleaching and mortality events have also been related to decreases in sea surface temperature, with cold stress events (e.g. La Niña events) being expected to increase in frequency or intensity as a result of a changing climate. Cold stress creates physiological symptoms in symbiotic reef-building corals similar to those observed when they are heat stressed, and the biochemical mechanisms underpinning cold stress in corals have been suggested to be related to an oxidative stress condition. However, up to now, this hypothesis had not been tested. This study assessed how short and long cold excursions in seawater temperature affect the physiology and biochemical processes related to oxidative stress in the reef-building coral Stylophora pistillata. We provide, for the first time, direct evidence that the mechanisms underpinning cold stress and bleaching are related to the production of reactive oxygen species, and that rapid expulsion of a significant proportion of the symbiont population by the host during cooling conditions is an acclimation mechanism to avoid oxidative stress and, ultimately, severe bleaching. Furthermore, this study is one of the first to show that upwelling conditions (short-term cold stress+nutrient enrichment) can provoke a more severe oxidative stress condition in corals than cold stress alone.

Footnotes

  • Competing interests

    The authors declare no competing or financial interests.

  • Author contributions

    Conceptualization: L.F.M., C.F.; Methodology: L.F.M., C.R.; Validation: L.F.M.; Formal analysis: L.F.M., C.R.; Investigation: L.F.M.; Resources: C.F.; Data curation: L.F.M.; Writing - original draft: L.F.M.; Writing - review & editing: L.F.M., C.F.; Visualization: L.F.M.; Supervision: C.F.; Project administration: C.F.; Funding acquisition: C.F.

  • Funding

    We thank Centre Scientifique de Monaco (CSM, Monaco) for their financial support.

  • Received August 13, 2020.
  • Accepted January 6, 2021.
  • © 2021. Published by The Company of Biologists Ltd
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Keywords

  • Cooling conditions
  • Coral bleaching
  • Nutrient enrichment
  • Oxidative metabolism
  • Upwelling

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Research Article
Symbiont regulation in Stylophora pistillata during cold stress: an acclimation mechanism against oxidative stress and severe bleaching
Laura Fernandes de Barros Marangoni, Cecile Rottier, Christine Ferrier-Pagès
Journal of Experimental Biology 2021 224: jeb235275 doi: 10.1242/jeb.235275 Published 10 February 2021
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Research Article
Symbiont regulation in Stylophora pistillata during cold stress: an acclimation mechanism against oxidative stress and severe bleaching
Laura Fernandes de Barros Marangoni, Cecile Rottier, Christine Ferrier-Pagès
Journal of Experimental Biology 2021 224: jeb235275 doi: 10.1242/jeb.235275 Published 10 February 2021

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