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Research Article
Synergetic effects of immune challenge and stress depress cortisol, inflammatory response and antioxidant activity in fish-eating Myotis
Ulalume Hernández-Arciga, L. Gerardo Herrera M., Mina Königsberg, Ricardo A. Valdez, José Juan Flores-Martínez, Marta C. Romano
Journal of Experimental Biology 2020 223: jeb234914 doi: 10.1242/jeb.234914 Published 24 December 2020
Ulalume Hernández-Arciga
1Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Apartado Postal 70-153, Ciudad de México, 04510 Mexico
2Laboratorio de Bioenergética y Envejecimiento Celular, Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Unidad Iztapalapa, Ciudad de México, 09340 Mexico
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  • ORCID record for Ulalume Hernández-Arciga
  • For correspondence: herarc_ula9@hotmail.com
L. Gerardo Herrera M.
3Estación de Biología Chamela, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Apartado Postal 21, San Patricio, JAL, 48980 Mexico
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Mina Königsberg
2Laboratorio de Bioenergética y Envejecimiento Celular, Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Unidad Iztapalapa, Ciudad de México, 09340 Mexico
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Ricardo A. Valdez
4Departamento de Fisiología, Biofísica y Neurociencias, Centro de Investigación y Estudios Avanzados, Ciudad de México, 07360 Mexico
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José Juan Flores-Martínez
5Laboratorio de Sistemas de Información Geográfica, Departamento de Zoología, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, 04510 Mexico
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Marta C. Romano
4Departamento de Fisiología, Biofísica y Neurociencias, Centro de Investigación y Estudios Avanzados, Ciudad de México, 07360 Mexico
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ABSTRACT

One of the most common tools in conservation physiology is the assessment of environmental stress via glucocorticoid measurement. However, little is known of its relationship with other stress-related biomarkers, and how the incidence of an immune challenge during long-term stress could affect an individual’s overall stress response. We investigated here the relationship between basal and post-acute stress fecal cortisol metabolite (FC) with different antioxidant enzymes, oxidative damage and immune parameters in the fish-eating bat, Myotis vivesi. We found that in both basal and post-stress conditions, FC was highly related with a number of antioxidant enzymes and immune parameters, but not to oxidative damage. We also assessed changes of FC through the seasons. Basal FC samples and stress reactivity after short-duration stress displayed similar levels during summer, autumn and early winter, but lower concentrations in late winter. Stress reactivity after long-duration stress was greater in summer and early winter. Finally, we tested the effect of a simultaneous exposure to a long, strong stress stimulus with an immune response stimulation by administrating adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and phytohemagglutinin (PHA) after 42 h. Results showed that when both stimuli were administrated, FC concentrations, inflammation and some antioxidant activity were lowered in comparison with the control and individual administration of the challenges. Our findings support the idea that animals maintain constant basal glucocorticoid levels when living in challenging environments, but response to acute stress differs seasonally and immune defense mechanisms and stress responses might be compromised when confronted with multiple challenges.

Footnotes

  • Competing interests

    The authors declare no competing or financial interests.

  • Author contributions

    Conceptualization: U.H.-A., L.G.H.M., M.C.R.; Methodology: U.H.-A., R.A.V., M.C.R.; Validation: U.H.-A., R.A.V.; Formal analysis: U.H.-A.; Investigation: U.H.-A., R.A.V.; Resources: L.G.H.M., M.K., M.C.R.; Writing - original draft: U.H.-A.; Writing - review & editing: L.G.H.M., M.K., R.A.V., M.C.R.; Visualization: U.H.-A., L.G.H.M., M.K., M.C.R.; Supervision: L.G.H.M., M.K., J.J.F.-M., M.C.R.; Project administration: L.G.H.M., J.J.F.-M.; Funding acquisition: L.G.H.M., M.K., M.C.R.

  • Funding

    This work was supported by a grant (23774) given by Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (CONACyT) to L.G.H.M. and support by Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (CINVESTAV del IPN, Mexico). U.H.-A. acknowledges the scholarship provided by Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología and the support of the Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas UNAM.

  • Received August 7, 2020.
  • Accepted November 2, 2020.
  • © 2020. Published by The Company of Biologists Ltd
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Keywords

  • ACTH
  • Antioxidants
  • Chiroptera
  • Cortisol
  • Immune response
  • Stress

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Research Article
Synergetic effects of immune challenge and stress depress cortisol, inflammatory response and antioxidant activity in fish-eating Myotis
Ulalume Hernández-Arciga, L. Gerardo Herrera M., Mina Königsberg, Ricardo A. Valdez, José Juan Flores-Martínez, Marta C. Romano
Journal of Experimental Biology 2020 223: jeb234914 doi: 10.1242/jeb.234914 Published 24 December 2020
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Research Article
Synergetic effects of immune challenge and stress depress cortisol, inflammatory response and antioxidant activity in fish-eating Myotis
Ulalume Hernández-Arciga, L. Gerardo Herrera M., Mina Königsberg, Ricardo A. Valdez, José Juan Flores-Martínez, Marta C. Romano
Journal of Experimental Biology 2020 223: jeb234914 doi: 10.1242/jeb.234914 Published 24 December 2020

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