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Research Article
Traction force measurements on male Strepsiptera (Insecta) revealed higher forces on smooth compared with hairy substrates
Hans Pohl, Elena V. Gorb, Stanislav N. Gorb
Journal of Experimental Biology 2020 223: jeb223784 doi: 10.1242/jeb.223784 Published 28 September 2020
Hans Pohl
1Entomology Group, Institut für Zoologie und Evolutionsforschung, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Erbertstrasse 1, 07743 Jena, Germany
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  • For correspondence: hans.pohl@uni-jena.de
Elena V. Gorb
2Department of Functional Morphology and Biomechanics, Zoological Institute of the Christian-Albrecht-Universität zu Kiel, Am Botanischen Garten 9, 24118 Kiel, Germany
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Stanislav N. Gorb
2Department of Functional Morphology and Biomechanics, Zoological Institute of the Christian-Albrecht-Universität zu Kiel, Am Botanischen Garten 9, 24118 Kiel, Germany
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ABSTRACT

The aim of this study was to find out how strongly the parasitic insect Stylops ovinae, which has tarsi equipped with tenent hairs and lacking claws, attaches to different substrates. We investigated adhesion of male S. ovinae to the abdomen of its hymenopteran host (Andrena vaga), the hairier abdomen of a Bombus sp. and two artificial smooth reference surfaces with different degrees of hydrophilicity. In our experiments, the male S. ovinae developed significantly higher forces on smooth surfaces. However, the forces were significantly lower on all the hymenopteran surfaces used in the experiment. The absence of anisotropy in the force grip in cranial/caudal direction relative to the host might indirectly indicate that S. ovinae generate forces by adhesion rather than mechanical interlocking with the host hairs. The tolerance of the attachment system of S. ovinae to the substrate chemistry might be explained by the primary contribution of van der Waals interactions and not capillary forces to adhesion in S. ovinae.

Footnotes

  • Competing interests

    The authors declare no competing or financial interests.

  • Author contributions

    Conceptualization: H.P., E.V.G., S.N.G.; Methodology: H.P., E.V.G., S.N.G.; Validation: H.P., E.V.G., S.N.G.; Formal analysis: H.P., E.V.G., S.N.G.; Investigation: H.P., E.V.G., S.N.G.; Resources: H.P., E.V.G., S.N.G.; Data curation: H.P., E.V.G., S.N.G.; Writing - original draft: H.P., E.V.G., S.N.G.; Writing - review & editing: H.P., E.V.G., S.N.G.; Visualization: H.P., E.V.G., S.N.G.

  • Funding

    This research received no specific grant from any funding agency in the public, commercial or not-for-profit sectors.

  • Supplementary information

    Supplementary information available online at https://jeb.biologists.org/lookup/doi/10.1242/jeb.223784.supplemental

  • Received February 20, 2020.
  • Accepted July 16, 2020.
  • © 2020. Published by The Company of Biologists Ltd
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Keywords

  • Insect
  • Attachment
  • Adhesion
  • Surfaces
  • Parasitism
  • Biomechanics

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Research Article
Traction force measurements on male Strepsiptera (Insecta) revealed higher forces on smooth compared with hairy substrates
Hans Pohl, Elena V. Gorb, Stanislav N. Gorb
Journal of Experimental Biology 2020 223: jeb223784 doi: 10.1242/jeb.223784 Published 28 September 2020
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Research Article
Traction force measurements on male Strepsiptera (Insecta) revealed higher forces on smooth compared with hairy substrates
Hans Pohl, Elena V. Gorb, Stanislav N. Gorb
Journal of Experimental Biology 2020 223: jeb223784 doi: 10.1242/jeb.223784 Published 28 September 2020

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