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August, 2019; 222 (16)

INSIDE JEB

  • You have accessSubscription required
    Stocky limbs help wild youngsters get ahead
    Kathryn Knight
    Journal of Experimental Biology 2019 222: jeb211284 doi: 10.1242/jeb.211284 Published 23 August 2019
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    Scratch that tickle like a moulted locust
    Kathryn Knight
    Journal of Experimental Biology 2019 222: jeb211292 doi: 10.1242/jeb.211292 Published 21 August 2019
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    Fake winter doesn't modify sculpin hearts as much as the real thing
    Kathryn Knight
    Journal of Experimental Biology 2019 222: jeb210609 doi: 10.1242/jeb.210609 Published 20 August 2019
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    Echolocating porpoises fine-tune clicks to their surroundings
    Kathryn Knight
    Journal of Experimental Biology 2019 222: jeb210955 doi: 10.1242/jeb.210955 Published 19 August 2019

EDITORIAL

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    The changing of the guard
    Hans H. Hoppeler
    Journal of Experimental Biology 2019 222: jeb212183 doi: 10.1242/jeb.212183 Published 23 August 2019

REVIEW

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    Feedback to the future: motor neuron contributions to central pattern generator function
    Charlotte L. Barkan, Erik Zornik
    Journal of Experimental Biology 2019 222: jeb193318 doi: 10.1242/jeb.193318 Published 16 August 2019

    Summary: Motor neurons relay signals from the brain and spinal cord to muscles that perform behaviors. However, studies across phyla indicate that motor neurons also contribute to the function of pattern-generating circuits.

METHODS & TECHNIQUES

  • Open Access
    Augmenting biologging with supervised machine learning to study in situ behavior of the medusa Chrysaora fuscescens
    Clara Fannjiang, T. Aran Mooney, Seth Cones, David Mann, K. Alex Shorter, Kakani Katija
    Journal of Experimental Biology 2019 222: jeb207654 doi: 10.1242/jeb.207654 Published 23 August 2019

    Summary: High-resolution motion sensors paired with supervised machine learning can be used to infer fine-scale in situ behavior of zooplankton over long durations.

RESEARCH ARTICLES

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    CB1 and CB2 receptors play differential roles in early zebrafish locomotor development
    Md Shah Sufian, Md Ruhul Amin, Richard Kanyo, W. Ted Allison, Declan W. Ali
    Journal of Experimental Biology 2019 222: jeb206680 doi: 10.1242/jeb.206680 Published 2 September 2019

    Summary: The endocannabinoid system in zebrafish is pivotal to the development of the locomotor system, and perturbations of the system early in life alter morphology, locomotion and development of motor neurons.

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    Streak formation in flow over biomimetic fish scale arrays
    Muthukumar Muthuramalingam, Leo S. Villemin, Christoph Bruecker
    Journal of Experimental Biology 2019 222: jeb205963 doi: 10.1242/jeb.205963 Published 30 August 2019

    Summary: Fish scale arrays produce steady laminar streaks inside the boundary layer of the fish, which reduces the skin friction drag and could delay transition.

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    Developmental effects of heatwave conditions on the early life stages of a coral reef fish
    Rachel K. Spinks, Philip L. Munday, Jennifer M. Donelson
    Journal of Experimental Biology 2019 222: jeb202713 doi: 10.1242/jeb.202713 Published 23 August 2019

    Summary: Juvenile damselfish exposed in early life to a sufficient duration of heatwave conditions are smaller in size but have better predator-escape performance.

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    Ground reaction forces of overground galloping in ridden Thoroughbred racehorses
    Zoe T. Self Davies, Andrew J. Spence, Alan M. Wilson
    Journal of Experimental Biology 2019 222: jeb204107 doi: 10.1242/jeb.204107 Published 23 August 2019

    Summary: Forces experienced by the limbs of racehorses during galloping increase with speed, concomitant with predictions from duty factor, though show an approximate 50:50 front:back impulse distribution, suggesting symmetry may be beneficial for injury avoidance.

  • Open Access
    Aimed limb movements in a hemimetabolous insect are intrinsically compensated for allometric wing growth by developmental mechanisms
    Alexandra J. Patel, Thomas Matheson
    Journal of Experimental Biology 2019 222: jeb208553 doi: 10.1242/jeb.208553 Published 21 August 2019

    Highlighted Article: A developmentally programmed change in the scratching movements of locusts permits adult animals to aim their movements at new wing tip targets, without learning.

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    Effects of natural wing damage on flight performance in Morpho butterflies: what can it tell us about wing shape evolution?
    Camille Le Roy, Raphaël Cornette, Violaine Llaurens, Vincent Debat
    Journal of Experimental Biology 2019 222: jeb204057 doi: 10.1242/jeb.204057 Published 21 August 2019

    Summary: Investigation of natural wing damage in Morpho butterflies shows that flight performance depends on damage location, indicating that different wing parts play different roles during flight.

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    The distinct phenotypic signatures of dispersal and stress in an arthropod model: from physiology to life history
    Maxime Dahirel, Stefano Masier, David Renault, Dries Bonte
    Journal of Experimental Biology 2019 222: jeb203596 doi: 10.1242/jeb.203596 Published 21 August 2019

    Summary: Physiological and life-history differences between dispersers and residents in a model mite are independent from stress responses, but may explain their success in different contexts.

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    Thermal acclimation and seasonal acclimatization: a comparative study of cardiac response to prolonged temperature change in shorthorn sculpin
    Tatiana S. Filatova, Denis V. Abramochkin, Holly A. Shiels
    Journal of Experimental Biology 2019 222: jeb202242 doi: 10.1242/jeb.202242 Published 20 August 2019

    Highlighted Article: The effects of seasonal acclimatization on cardiac responses to low temperatures are stronger than those of acclimation to similar temperatures in laboratory conditions, highlighting the importance of seasonal cues for cardiac remodelling in a eurythermal fish.

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    Context-dependent biosonar adjustments during active target approaches in echolocating harbour porpoises
    Michael Ladegaard, Peter Teglberg Madsen
    Journal of Experimental Biology 2019 222: jeb206169 doi: 10.1242/jeb.206169 Published 19 August 2019

    Highlighted Article: Porpoises performing target approaches adjust biosonar outputs and clicking rates differently depending on the environment, thus highlighting context as an important factor to consider in addition to range-dependent biosonar adjustments.

  • Open Access
    Soft-surface grasping: radular opening in Aplysia californica
    Catherine E. Kehl, Joey Wu, Sisi Lu, David M. Neustadter, Richard F. Drushel, Rebekah K. Smoldt, Hillel J. Chiel
    Journal of Experimental Biology 2019 222: jeb191254 doi: 10.1242/jeb.191254 Published 19 August 2019

    Summary: Newly described muscle fibers control a soft, flexible surface that the marine slug Aplysia californica uses to feed on seaweed, suggesting a novel mechanism for constructing a soft grasping device.

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    Behavioural responses to video and live presentations of females reveal a dissociation between performance and motivational aspects of birdsong
    Logan S. James, Raina Fan, Jon T. Sakata
    Journal of Experimental Biology 2019 222: jeb206318 doi: 10.1242/jeb.206318 Published 16 August 2019

    Summary: Zebra finches are less motivated to court videos of females than live females, but courtship songs to these stimuli are similar in performance, suggesting a dissociation between motivation and performance.

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    Regulation of blood flow in the pulmonary and systemic circuits during submerged swimming in common snapping turtle (Chelydra serpentina)
    Amanda Reynolds Kirby, Brandt Smith, Dane A. Crossley
    Journal of Experimental Biology 2019 222: jeb205211 doi: 10.1242/jeb.205211 Published 16 August 2019

    Summary: In common snapping turtles, beta-adrenergic stimulation increases heart rate during swimming and surfacing, whereas vagal withdrawal facilitates a systemic to pulmonary shunt during swimming.

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    The effects of target contrast on Drosophila courtship
    Sweta Agrawal, Michael H. Dickinson
    Journal of Experimental Biology 2019 222: jeb203414 doi: 10.1242/jeb.203414 Published 16 August 2019

    Summary: Typically, contrast is thought to mediate visual saliency, but surprisingly, when presented with fly-sized, painted objects, male Drosophila melanogaster strongly preferred courting low-contrast, gray targets.

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    Ontogenetic change in predicted acoustic pressure sensitivity in larval red drum (Sciaenops ocellatus)
    Andria K. Salas, Preston S. Wilson, Lee A. Fuiman
    Journal of Experimental Biology 2019 222: jeb201962 doi: 10.1242/jeb.201962 Published 16 August 2019

    Summary: Computed tomography imagery in a finite-element model predicts that larval fishes detect acoustic pressure but that this pressure sensitivity declines ontogenetically, likely altering the detection and use of acoustic cues.

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    Ontogeny of effective mechanical advantage in eastern cottontail rabbits (Sylvilagus floridanus)
    Adam D. Foster, Michael T. Butcher, Gregory A. Smith, Gabrielle A. Russo, Rajaa Thalluri, Jesse W. Young
    Journal of Experimental Biology 2019 222: jeb205237 doi: 10.1242/jeb.205237 Published 16 August 2019

    Editors' Choice: Hindlimb muscle leverage declines during growth in cottontail rabbits, likely promoting increased locomotor performance during the precarious juvenile period of life history.

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    Omega-3 fatty acids accelerate fledging in an avian marine predator: a potential role of cognition

    Jessika Lamarre, Sukhinder Kaur Cheema, Gregory J. Robertson, David R. Wilson
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    Efficient high-voltage protection in the electric catfish

    Georg Welzel, Stefan Schuster
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    The Murphy number: how pitch moment of inertia dictates quadrupedal walking and running energetics

    Delyle T. Polet
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    Tactile active sensing in an insect plant pollinator

    T. Deora, M. A. Ahmed, T. L. Daniel, B. W. Brunton
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    Ocean Acidification Alters Properties of the Exoskeleton in Adult Tanner Crabs, Chionoecetes bairdi

    Gary H. Dickinson, Shai Bejerano, Trina Salvador, Christine Makdisi, Shrey Patel, W. Christopher Long, Katherine M. Swiney, Robert J. Foy, Brittan V. Steffel, Kathryn E. Smith, Richard B. Aronson
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