INSIDE JEB
METHODS & TECHNIQUES
- Simultaneous measurement of 3D zooplankton trajectories and surrounding fluid velocity field in complex flows
Summary: An automated volumetric PIV and tracking method measures time-resolved, 3D zooplankton trajectories and surrounding volumetric fluid velocity fields simultaneously and non-intrusively.
RESEARCH ARTICLES
- Mechanical and energetic consequences of reduced ankle plantar-flexion in human walking
Summary: Ankle push-off plays an important role of the energy expenditure of human walking, which can be explained by the mechanical work performed by the lower extremity joints.
- Remora fish suction pad attachment is enhanced by spinule friction
Summary: The geometry of remora fish suction disc spinules increases passive friction on rough host surfaces such as shark skin.
- The response of anosteocytic bone to controlled loading
Highlighted Article: Anosteocytic bone can adapt to loads by a combination of bone resorption and deposition, which suggests the presence of a non-osteocytic mechanosensing mechanism.
- Patterns of oxygen consumption during simultaneously occurring elevated metabolic states in the viviparous snake Thamnophis marcianus
Summary: During simultaneously occurring elevated metabolic states, Thamnophis marcianus exhibits prioritization as the primary pattern of interaction in oxygen delivery. The metabolic processes associated with digestion, and perhaps reproduction, are temporarily compromised during activity.
- Acquisition and expression of memories of distance and direction in navigating wood ants
Summary: Wood ants form linked memories of the distance and direction of their homeward foraging route.
- Larger lacertid lizard species produce higher than expected iliotibialis muscle power output: the evolution of muscle contractile mechanics with body size
Summary: Co-evolution of larger body size with greater muscle stress and normalised power output occurred in lacertid lizard species.
- Flea fitness is reduced by high fractional concentrations of CO2 that simulate levels found in their hosts' burrows
Highlighted Article: Fleas living in high fractional concentrations of CO2 have reduced survival and reproduction.
- Evaluating cardiac physiology through echocardiography in bottlenose dolphins: using stroke volume and cardiac output to estimate systolic left ventricular function during rest and following exercise
Summary: Transthoracic ultrasound determines heart rate and stroke volume before and after exercise in bottlenose dolphins, providing the first data on the extreme cardiovascular plasticity in awake and unrestrained cetaceans in water.
- Transcriptome profiling reveals mechanisms for the evolution of insect seasonality
Summary: Evolutionary changes to the timing of diapause will be key for insects to adapt to a globally warming climate; putative loci responsible for timing shifts are identified.
- Interactive effects of seawater acidification and elevated temperature on biomineralization and amino acid metabolism in the mussel Mytilus edulis
Summary: The interactive effects of climate stressors on marine calcifiers highlight the negative effect of elevated temperature based on seawater acidification.
- Spiders do have melanin after all
Summary: Raman spectroscopy reveals that melanins are present in spiders.
- Avian thermoregulation in the heat: resting metabolism, evaporative cooling and heat tolerance in Sonoran Desert doves and quail
Highlighted Article: Species-level differences in heat tolerance may drive changes in desert bird communities as global temperatures continue to rise and heat waves become more frequent.
- Performance trade-offs and individual quality in decathletes
Summary: Human decathletes that excel in one event excel in all events, which is contrary to the pervasive idea that underlying functional constraints limit the development of a ‘master of all events’.
- Chela asymmetry in a durophagous crab: predominance of right-handedness and handedness reversal is linked to chela size and closing force
Summary: Handedness in the swimming crab resides in the claw that is larger with greater apodeme height and has the stronger closing force.
- Effects of estradiol on neural responses to social signals in female túngara frogs
Summary: Estradiol changes the basal activity of the auditory midbrain and limbic forebrain of female túngara frogs, and modifies the response of the preoptic area to mating calls.
- Tight coordination of aerial flight maneuvers and sonar call production in insectivorous bats
Highlighted Article: Flight kinematics and adaptive sonar behavior in insectivorous, echolocating bats engaged in climbing and turning flight reveal tight coordination of adaptive flight and vocal motor systems.
- Seasonal benefits of a natural propolis envelope to honey bee immunity and colony health
Summary: In honey bee nests, the presence of a propolis envelope decreases baseline expression of immune-related genes over the course of the season and appears to benefit colony survivorship and strength in early spring.
- Power amplification in an isolated muscle–tendon unit is load dependent
Summary: Power amplification in a compliant muscle-tendon unit is maximal for intermediate inertial-gravitational loads and can be enhanced by a trigger and catch mechanism for small loads.
This issue
Other journals from The Company of Biologists
Welcome to JEB’s new Editor Monica Daley
We are pleased to welcome Monica Daley to JEB’s Editorial team. Monica has had a long association with JEB before taking up her new role, overseeing peer review of neuromuscular physiology, terrestrial biomechanics and integrative physiology of locomotion.
In the field with Robyn Hetem
Continuing our fieldwork series, Robyn Hetem reflects on working with species ranging from aardvark to zebra, and the impact COVID-19 has had on fieldwork.
Read & Publish participation continues to grow
“It is particularly encouraging for early career researchers, as it allows them to display their research globally without the need to find costs to cover the open access option.”
Professor Fernando Montealegre-Z (University of Lincoln) shares his experience of publishing Open Access as part of our growing Read & Publish initiative. We now have over 150 institutions in 15 countries and four library consortia taking part – find out more and view our full list of participating institutions.
Nocturnal reef residents have deep-sea-like eyes
Fanny de Busserolles and colleagues from The University of Queensland have discovered that the eyes of nocturnal reef fish have multibank retinas, layers of photoreceptors, similar to the eyes of deep-sea fish that live in dim light conditions.
Mechanisms underlying gut microbiota–host interactions in insects
In their Review, Konstantin Schmidt and Philipp Engel summarise recent findings about the mechanisms involved in gut colonisation and the provisioning of beneficial effects in gut microbiota–insect symbiosis.