INSIDE JEB
OUTSIDE JEB
SHORT COMMUNICATION
- Hypercapnia and low pH induce neuroepithelial cell proliferation and emersion behaviour in the amphibious fish Kryptolebias marmoratus
Summary: Amphibious fish may use oxygen-sensing neuroepithelial cells to sense and avoid high CO2 or low pH in the water.
RESEARCH ARTICLES
- Will jumping snails prevail? Influence of near-future CO2, temperature and hypoxia on respiratory performance in the tropical conch Gibberulus gibberulus gibbosus
Highlighted Article: The respiratory capacity of the humpbacked conch, a jumping snail, appears sufficient not only for today's needs but also for those in a warmer acidified future.
- Focal enhancement of the skeleton to exercise correlates with responsivity of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells rather than peak external forces
Summary: The ability of the progenitor population to differentiate toward bone-forming cells may be a better correlate to bone structural adaptation than external forces generated by exercise.
- How do treadmill speed and terrain visibility influence neuromuscular control of guinea fowl locomotion?
Summary: Guinea fowl (Numida meleagris) show speed-dependent shifts in neuromuscular control during obstacle negotiation, characterized by a greater reliance on anticipatory modulation and stride-to-stride neural adjustments at slow speed, shifting towards feedforward activation and intrinsic mechanical stability at high speed.
- Physiological, pharmacological and behavioral evidence for a TRPA1 channel that can elicit defensive responses in the medicinal leech
Summary: Physiological and behavioral evidence indicates the presence of a TRPA1-like channel in the medicinal leech Hirudo verbana that responds to both reactive electrophiles and moderate cold.
- Lipid composition and molecular interactions change with depth in the avian stratum corneum to regulate cutaneous water loss
Highlighted Article: Lipid composition changes with depth in the avian skin, but these changes vary by season. This seasonal variation affects rates of cutaneous water loss.
- A novel acoustic-vibratory multimodal duet
Summary: Paleotropical false-leaf bushcrickets exhibit a novel multimodal duet with alternating male acoustic calls and female tremulation signals; this functions in mate localization and may have evolved under predator pressure.
- Forelimb kinematics during hopping and landing in toads
Summary: Toads alter forelimb kinematics in a distance-dependent manner and achieve more extended elbow configurations at impact in longer hops.
- Molecular and sensory mechanisms to mitigate sunlight-induced DNA damage in treefrog tadpoles
Highlighted Article: A UV-avoidance sensory mechanism complements the low DNA repair efficiency of treefrog tadpoles to mitigate the genotoxic effects of solar UV radiation.
- Physiological responses of ectotherms to daily temperature variation
Summary: When developing ectotherms cannot reduce the costs of daily temperature fluctuations through phenotypic plasticity, effects on the rate of development may determine fitness consequences.
- Building a dishonest signal: the functional basis of unreliable signals of strength in males of the two-toned fiddler crab, Uca vomeris
Summary: The frequencies of reliable and unreliable signals of strength in Uca vomeris are influenced by the structural and physiological mechanisms behind force production in the major claw.
- Effects of insulin and its related signaling pathways on lipid metabolism in the yellow catfish Pelteobagrus fulvidraco
Summary: Insulin plays a regulatory role in hepatic metabolism in yellow catfish, increasing lipid and triglyceride accumulation. These changes are mediated by the modulation of PPARα, PPARγ and PI3K signaling pathways.
- Amazon river dolphins (Inia geoffrensis) use a high-frequency short-range biosonar
Highlighted Article: Amazon river dolphins inhabit an acoustically complex habitat, where they employ a short-range biosonar with source parameters not predictable from body size alone, suggesting that habitat is an important evolutionary co-driver of toothed whale biosonar.
- Grizzly bear (Ursus arctos horribilis) locomotion: gaits and ground reaction forces
Summary: Grizzly bear locomotion has some similarities to that of previously studied animals, but they do not appear to trot and produce relatively high mediolateral forces.
- Circadian modulation of learning ability in a disease vector insect, Rhodnius prolixus
Summary: Kissing bugs learn well during the night but not during the day, as their ability to acquire information – but not to retrieve it – is modulated by time.
- Insects modify their behaviour depending on the feedback sensor used when walking on a trackball in virtual reality
Summary: Honeybees change their walking behaviour to improve fixation performance, depending on the sensor that is used to measure their behaviour in closed-loop virtual reality.
- Double-network gels and the toughness of terrestrial slug glue
Summary: The gel-based glue of Arion subfuscus combines two separate networks: a deformable proteoglycan network and a cross-linked protein network. These work together to achieve far greater toughness than each can produce separately.
- Identification and classification of silks using infrared spectroscopy
Summary: FTIR analysis performed on unspun silks and cocoons from 35 different species provides information regarding the biochemical diversity and evolution of this group of materials.
- Timing matters: tuning the mechanics of a muscle–tendon unit by adjusting stimulation phase during cyclic contractions
Summary: During cyclic contractions of a muscle–tendon unit, the timing of muscle stimulation onset determines whether the muscle acts like a force producing strut, energy generating motor or energy absorbing brake.