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Research Article
Interactions between cortisol and Rhesus glycoprotein expression in ureogenic toadfish, Opsanus beta
Tamara M. Rodela, M. Danielle McDonald, Patrick J. Walsh, Kathleen M. Gilmour
Journal of Experimental Biology 2012 215: 314-323; doi: 10.1242/jeb.061895
Tamara M. Rodela
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  • For correspondence: trodela@zoology.ubc.ca
M. Danielle McDonald
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Patrick J. Walsh
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Kathleen M. Gilmour
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    Fig. 1.

    The effects of experimental treatments on circulating cortisol concentrations (ng ml–1) in gulf toadfish, Opsanus beta. In Series I (A), toadfish were injected with saline (N=8) or metyrapone (N=8). In Series II (B), toadfish were infused with saline (N=8), hydrocortisone hemisuccinate salt (cortisol; N=8), ammonia (N=8) or ammonia and cortisol combined (N=7). See Materials and methods for further details of treatment procedures. All values are expressed as means ± s.e.m. Data were analyzed by two-way RM-ANOVA with treatment group and sampling time as factors; P-values are indicated on the figure. Asterisks indicate a significant difference from the initial (0 h) sample within a given treatment group (Holm–Sidak post hoc test, P<0.05). Dashed vertical lines indicate the start of the treatment period.

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    Fig. 2.

    Measurements of (A,C) ammonia excretion (relative units) and (B,D) plasma ammonia levels (mmol l–1) in gulf toadfish, Opsanus beta, following various corticosteroid and ammonia treatments. In Series I (A,B), toadfish were treated with saline (N=8) or metyrapone (N=8). In Series II (C,D), toadfish were infused with saline (N=8), hydrocortisone hemisuccinate salt (cortisol; N=8), ammonia (N=8) or ammonia and cortisol combined (N=8). See Materials and methods for further details of treatment procedures. All ammonia excretion data are presented as the treatment value normalized to the initial 24 h control period. In A and C, numerical values presented under the data bars represent absolute values (μmol N kg–1) of ammonia excretion during the initial 24 h control period. All values are expressed as means ± s.e.m. Data were analyzed by two-way RM-ANOVA with treatment group and sampling time as factors; P-values are indicated on the figure. Asterisks indicate a significant difference between initial control and treatment values within a given treatment group (Holm–Sidak post hoc test, P<0.05). In B and D, the dashed vertical lines indicate the start of the treatment period.

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    Fig. 3.

    The effects of cortisol and/or ammonia manipulation on branchial and hepatic glutamine synthetase (GS) relative mRNA expression as measured by (A,C) real-time RT-PCR and (B,D) GS activity (mmol min–1 g–1) in gulf toadfish, Opsanus beta. In Series I (A,B), toadfish were injected with saline (N=8) or metyrapone (N=8). In Series II (C,D), toadfish were infused with saline (N=8), hydrocortisone hemisuccinate salt (cortisol; N=8), ammonia (N=8) or ammonia and cortisol combined (N=7). See Materials and methods for further details of treatment procedures. The mRNA transcript levels for each tissue were normalized against the control gene 18S and expressed relative to the saline-treated group for each series, which was set to a value of 1. Values are means ± s.e.m. For Series I, data were analyzed by Student's t-tests; see Results for P-values. No significant differences were detected for GS mRNA expression. For Series II, data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA; see Results for P-values. Statistical differences within a given tissue are indicated by different letters; different sets of letters were used between tissues (Holm–Sidak post hoc tests, P<0.05).

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    Fig. 4.

    Relative mRNA expression of Rhag, Rhbg, Rhcg1 and Rhcg2 in the gill of ureotelic gulf toadfish, Opsanus beta, as measured by real-time RT-PCR. In Series I (A), toadfish were injected with saline (N=8) or metyrapone (N=8). In Series II (B), toadfish were infused with saline (N=8), hydrocortisone hemisuccinate salt (cortisol; N=8), ammonia (N=8) or ammonia and cortisol combined (N=7). See Materials and methods for further details of treatment procedures. The mRNA levels for each gene were normalized against the control gene 18S and expressed relative to the saline-treated group for each series, which was set to a value of 1. Values are means ± s.e.m. For Series I, data were analyzed by Student's t-tests, and for Series II, data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA; see Results for P-values. Statistical differences for a given Rh isoform are indicated by different letters; different sets of letters were used between Rh isoforms (Series I, P<0.05; Series II, Holm–Sidak post hoc tests, P<0.05).

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Research Article
Interactions between cortisol and Rhesus glycoprotein expression in ureogenic toadfish, Opsanus beta
Tamara M. Rodela, M. Danielle McDonald, Patrick J. Walsh, Kathleen M. Gilmour
Journal of Experimental Biology 2012 215: 314-323; doi: 10.1242/jeb.061895
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Research Article
Interactions between cortisol and Rhesus glycoprotein expression in ureogenic toadfish, Opsanus beta
Tamara M. Rodela, M. Danielle McDonald, Patrick J. Walsh, Kathleen M. Gilmour
Journal of Experimental Biology 2012 215: 314-323; doi: 10.1242/jeb.061895

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