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About the Cover
Cover: Friction force generated by claws in the walking beetle Pachnoda marginata (Coleoptera, Scarabaeoidea) was studied on various substrate textures. Saturation of the friction force with an increased texture roughness is described in a model, showing that the forces are determined by the relative size of the surface roughness (or an average particle diameter) and the diameter of the claw tip. When surface roughness is much bigger than the claw tip diameter, the beetle can grasp surface irregularities and generate high attachment due to mechanical interlocking with substrate texture. When the surface roughness is lower than or comparable to the claw tip diameter, the frictional properties of the contact between claw and substrate particles play a key role in the generation of the friction force (see Dai, Gorb and Schwarz, pp. 2479-2488).
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