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Table of Contents

January, 2018; 221 (2)

INSIDE JEB

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    Sleeping butterflies have spirited goo
    Casey Gilman
    Journal of Experimental Biology 2018 221: jeb175232 doi: 10.1242/jeb.175232 Published 29 January 2018
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    Locust navigation centre tracks sun and polarisation
    Kathryn Knight
    Journal of Experimental Biology 2018 221: jeb175216 doi: 10.1242/jeb.175216 Published 29 January 2018
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    Weevils too tough to chew for safety
    Kathryn Knight
    Journal of Experimental Biology 2018 221: jeb175224 doi: 10.1242/jeb.175224 Published 25 January 2018

COMMENTARIES

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    Ammonia excretion in aquatic invertebrates: new insights and questions
    Dirk Weihrauch, Garett J. P. Allen
    Journal of Experimental Biology 2018 221: jeb169219 doi: 10.1242/jeb.169219 Published 29 January 2018

    Summary: This Commentary discusses the ammonia excretion strategies of invertebrates inhabiting a variety of different aquatic environments as well as the roles of excretory proteins in acid–base homeostasis.

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    The utility of transcriptomics in fish conservation
    Richard E. Connon, Ken M. Jeffries, Lisa M. Komoroske, Anne E. Todgham, Nann A. Fangue
    Journal of Experimental Biology 2018 221: jeb148833 doi: 10.1242/jeb.148833 Published 29 January 2018

    Summary: Transcriptomic assessments, through functional analyses and the determination of negative impact thresholds, allow for a broad understanding of the mechanisms that regulate an organism's ability to respond to environmental change.

SHORT COMMUNICATIONS

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    Map-like navigation from distances exceeding routine movements in the three-striped poison frog (Ameerega trivittata)
    Andrius Pašukonis, Matthias-Claudio Loretto, Walter Hödl
    Journal of Experimental Biology 2018 221: jeb169714 doi: 10.1242/jeb.169714 Published 29 January 2018

    Summary: Three-striped poison frogs (Ameerega trivittata) can navigate home via a direct path from areas exceeding the range of their routine movements.

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    Cognitive skills of common shrews (Sorex araneus) vary with seasonal changes in skull size and brain mass
    Javier Lázaro, Moritz Hertel, Scott LaPoint, Martin Wikelski, Matthias Stiehler, Dina K. N. Dechmann
    Journal of Experimental Biology 2018 221: jeb166595 doi: 10.1242/jeb.166595 Published 22 January 2018

    Summary: Common shrews reduce their brain mass by 21% in winter, likely to cope with seasonal fluctuations in resources, and then regrow it by 17% the following spring, but spatial learning task experiments suggest they do so at the cost of a reduced cognitive ability in winter.

METHODS AND TECHNIQUES

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    Determining forward speed from accelerometer jiggle in aquatic environments
    David E. Cade, Kelly R. Barr, John Calambokidis, Ari S. Friedlaender, Jeremy A. Goldbogen
    Journal of Experimental Biology 2018 221: jeb170449 doi: 10.1242/jeb.170449 Published 25 January 2018

    Summary: Aquatic animal speed correlates exponentially with high-frequency accelerometer motion in underwater animal-attached devices, and the quantification of this motion can be used as a speed metric.

RESEARCH ARTICLES

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    Myosin phosphorylation potentiates steady-state work output without altering contractile economy of mouse fast skeletal muscles
    William Gittings, Jordan Bunda, Rene Vandenboom
    Journal of Experimental Biology 2018 221: jeb167742 doi: 10.1242/jeb.167742 Published 30 January 2018

    Summary: Myosin regulatory light chain phosphorylation potentiates dynamic contractile function of mouse fast skeletal muscles in vitro without decreasing contractile economy.

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    Myosin phosphorylation improves contractile economy of mouse fast skeletal muscle during staircase potentiation
    Jordan Bunda, William Gittings, Rene Vandenboom
    Journal of Experimental Biology 2018 221: jeb167718 doi: 10.1242/jeb.167718 Published 30 January 2018

    Summary: Myosin regulatory light chain phosphorylation increases the contractile economy (mechanical output:metabolic input) of wild-type mouse fast muscle compared with muscles devoid of the enzyme responsible for regulatory light chain phosphorylation.

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    Lean, mean, lipolytic machines: lipid mobilization in rainbow trout during graded swimming
    Eric D. Turenne, Jean-Michel Weber
    Journal of Experimental Biology 2018 221: jeb171553 doi: 10.1242/jeb.171553 Published 29 January 2018

    Summary: Rainbow trout behave like lipolytic machines that constantly mobilize lipid reserves in excess of energy requirements. High baseline lipolytic rates are not modulated by exercise, even when metabolic rate triples.

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    Hormesis-like effect of mild larval crowding on thermotolerance in Drosophila flies
    Youn Henry, David Renault, Hervé Colinet
    Journal of Experimental Biology 2018 221: jeb169342 doi: 10.1242/jeb.169342 Published 29 January 2018

    Summary: Mild crowding improves thermotolerance of Drosophila melanogaster larvae through potential hormetic mechanisms triggered by exposure to metabolic waste.

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    Integration of celestial compass cues in the central complex of the locust brain
    Uta Pegel, Keram Pfeiffer, Uwe Homberg
    Journal of Experimental Biology 2018 221: jeb171207 doi: 10.1242/jeb.171207 Published 29 January 2018

    Highlighted Article: Polarization-sensitive neurons of the locust central complex show azimuth-dependent responses to unpolarized light spots, suggesting that direct sunlight supports the sky polarization compass in this brain area.

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    Flexibility of feeding movements in pigs: effects of changes in food toughness and stiffness on the timing of jaw movements
    Stéphane J. Montuelle, Rachel Olson, Hannah Curtis, JoAnna Sidote, Susan H. Williams
    Journal of Experimental Biology 2018 221: jeb168088 doi: 10.1242/jeb.168088 Published 29 January 2018

    Summary: In pigs, changes in food toughness impact chewing cycle duration and thus chewing frequency whereas changes in food stiffness alter phase duration within each cycle, with little effect on cycle duration.

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    Movements of vastly different performance have similar underlying muscle physiology
    Jeffrey P. Olberding, Jeffrey A. Scales, Stephen M. Deban
    Journal of Experimental Biology 2018 221: jeb166900 doi: 10.1242/jeb.166900 Published 29 January 2018

    Summary: Contractile properties and temperature effects are similar in tongue muscles from salamander species with different tongue-projection performance and mechanism (muscle power versus elastic recoil).

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    Elucidating mechanisms for insect body size: partial support for the oxygen-dependent induction of moulting hypothesis
    Sami M. Kivelä, Sonja Viinamäki, Netta Keret, Karl Gotthard, Esa Hohtola, Panu Välimäki
    Journal of Experimental Biology 2018 221: jeb166157 doi: 10.1242/jeb.166157 Published 25 January 2018

    Summary: During a single larval instar, moths accumulated less and more mass before moulting under experimentally decreased and increased oxygen partial pressure, respectively, emphasising the role of oxygen in moult induction.

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    Swim and fly: escape strategy in neustonic and planktonic copepods
    Leonid Svetlichny, Poul S. Larsen, Thomas Kiørboe
    Journal of Experimental Biology 2018 221: jeb167262 doi: 10.1242/jeb.167262 Published 29 January 2018

    Summary: New analysis supported by high-speed videos explains how some copepods can perform out-of-water escape jumps when aided by well-timed kicks when penetrating the surface.

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    Protein synthesis is lowered by 4EBP1 and eIF2-α signaling while protein degradation may be maintained in fasting, hypoxic Amazonian cichlids Astronotus ocellatus
    A. A. Cassidy, W. R. Driedzic, D. Campos, W. Heinrichs-Caldas, V. M. F. Almeida-Val, A. L. Val, S. G. Lamarre
    Journal of Experimental Biology 2018 221: jeb167601 doi: 10.1242/jeb.167601 Published 25 January 2018

    Summary: Hypoxia causes a decrease in metabolic rate, which is supported in part by a decrease in protein synthesis, and regulated by cell signaling pathways.

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    Taking a goal-centred dynamic snapshot as a possibility for local homing in initially naïve bumblebees
    Anne Lobecke, Roland Kern, Martin Egelhaaf
    Journal of Experimental Biology 2018 221: jeb168674 doi: 10.1242/jeb.168674 Published 25 January 2018

    Summary: Characteristics of initial outbound flights of bumblebees lead to a hypothesis how bumblebees use information gained in the close vicinity of their inconspicuous nest hole to return to their home location.

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    Metabolome dynamics of diapause in the butterfly Pieris napi: distinguishing maintenance, termination and post-diapause phases
    Philipp Lehmann, Peter Pruisscher, Vladimír Koštál, Martin Moos, Petr Šimek, Sören Nylin, Rasmus Agren, Leif Väremo, Christer Wiklund, Christopher W. Wheat, Karl Gotthard
    Journal of Experimental Biology 2018 221: jeb169508 doi: 10.1242/jeb.169508 Published 25 January 2018

    Highlighted Article: Diapause in a temperate butterfly is associated with a highly dynamic metabolome, and its termination, once initiated by cold, is associated with temperature-independent changes in profiles of several key metabolites.

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    Too hard to swallow: a secret secondary defence of an aposematic insect
    Lu-Yi Wang, Wen-San Huang, Hsin-Chieh Tang, Lung-Chun Huang, Chung-Ping Lin
    Journal of Experimental Biology 2018 221: jeb172486 doi: 10.1242/jeb.172486 Published 25 January 2018

    Highlighted Article: The hardness of aposematic weevils functions as an adaptive secondary defence against predator lizards, supporting Wallace's hypothesis of aposematism.

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    Mechanisms for the functional differentiation of the propulsive and braking roles of the forelimbs and hindlimbs during quadrupedal walking in primates and felines
    Michael C. Granatosky, Aidan Fitzsimons, Angel Zeininger, Daniel Schmitt
    Journal of Experimental Biology 2018 221: jeb162917 doi: 10.1242/jeb.162917 Published 22 January 2018

    Summary: Theoretical models and empirical results reveal that functional differentiation of the limbs of quadrupeds in terms of net braking and propulsive roles is driven, in part, by the relative position of the limb point of contact relative to the center of mass.

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    Odor source localization in complex visual environments by fruit flies
    Nitesh Saxena, Dinesh Natesan, Sanjay P. Sane
    Journal of Experimental Biology 2018 221: jeb172023 doi: 10.1242/jeb.172023 Published 19 January 2018

    Summary: Fruit flies pinpoint the precise location of an odor source by integrating information derived from their visual and olfactory modalities, in both moving and still air.

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    Multimodal sensorimotor system in unicellular zoospores of a fungus
    Andrew J. M. Swafford, Todd H. Oakley
    Journal of Experimental Biology 2018 221: jeb163196 doi: 10.1242/jeb.163196 Published 19 January 2018

    Summary: The ability to respond to light and/or chemical gradients varies between Allomyces zoospores, a new model for sensory evolution; A. arbusculus behavior represents a multimodal, sensorimotor system in unicellular fungi.

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    Evaluating the triplet hypothesis during rhythmic mastication in primates
    Yashesvini Ram, Callum F. Ross
    Journal of Experimental Biology 2018 221: jeb165985 doi: 10.1242/jeb.165985 Published 16 January 2018

    Summary: The prevalence of the jaw elevator triplet motor pattern during mastication is established in five different primate species.

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    Relative position of the atrioventricular canal determines the electrical activation of developing reptile ventricles

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    The caval sphincter in cetaceans and its predicted role in controlling venous flow during a dive

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    Changes in free amino acid concentrations and associated gene expression profiles in the abdominal muscle of kuruma shrimp Marsupenaeus japonicus acclimated at different salinities

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