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Fig. 1. (A) Outline sketch (right lateral view) of the hindlimb skeleton of
Pseudemys concinna illustrating the lines of action of the major
muscle groups contributing to stresses in the femur during the stance phase of
terrestrial locomotion. Pelvic girdle bones and tail vertebrae are colored
black and femur is shaded grey. Some proximal hip muscles that do not span the
femoral midshaft and do not contribute directly to femoral stress (e.g.
puboischiofemoralis externus, ischiotrochantericus) have been omitted for
clarity. Rotational forces exerted by caudi-iliofemoralis (dashed arrow) were
not calculated (see text). (B) Outline sketch of the right femur and tibia
(same as in A) of P. concinna illustrating the planes defining the
anatomical frame of reference for force platform analyses. Both surfaces of
the plane are labeled, with solid arrows and filled circles indicating
surfaces in view and dashed arrows and open circles indicating surfaces hidden
from view (i.e. surfaces that can only be seen if the planes are transparent).
A, anterior; P, posterior; D, dorsal; V, ventral; L, lateral; M, medial.
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