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Fig. 6. (A) Center of mass (CoM) potential energy change (
PE) per
wingbeat, and (B) CoM PE flight power
(
PE/
twingbeat) versus
vertical flight angle.
PE/wingbeat cycle values were similar
for ascending flight angles (means for 60°=1.41±0.14 J;
30°=1.10±0.11 J), and also similar for descending flight angles
(means for –60°=–1.55±0.09 J;
–30°=–1.53±0.08 J). PE flight power values
were significantly different among all flight angles except between steep and
shallow descent (P=0.073 for –60° vs
–30°; P
0.012 for all other comparisons).