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Files in this Data Supplement:
Movie. 1. 60° ascent. This movie shows a representative 60° ascending flight in the three camera views used during experiments. Average flight speed was slowest during 60° ascents. In each movie, Bird 3 is shown.
Movie 2. 30° ascent. This movie shows a representative 30° ascending flight. For all data presented, mean results for 30° flights were intermediate to, or not significantly different from, mean results for 0° and 60° flights. Potential energy change per wingbeat was not significantly different between 30° and 60° ascents (P=0.14).
Movie 3. 0° level flight. This movie shows a representative level flight. Average flight speed for level flights was 4.2±0.2 m s−1.
Movie 4. 30° descent. This movie shows a representative −30° descending flight. Average flight speed was fastest for −30° flights.
Movie 5. 60° descent. This movie shows a representative 60° descending flight. Neither the potential energy change per wingbeat nor the vertical component of flight speed differed significantly between −30° and −60° descents (P=0.91 and P=0.08, respectively).
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