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Fig. 1. Preferential solubility in polar solvents and dose-dependent behavioural
effects of egg foam bioactive components. (A) Effects on hatchling phase state
(represented by median Pgregarious values) when water,
ethanol or hexane are applied to eggs are compared to the effects of the same
solvents applied to eggs following their use for either egg-washing or
extraction of egg foam compounds. Asterisks indicate significant changes
relative to control (see Table
2). Solitary-reared hatchlings (egg pods in parentheses):
N=50 (4). Water: control, N=14 (9); wash, N=15 (9);
extract, N=15 (9). Ethanol: control, N=15 (9); wash,
N=13 (9); extract, N=14 (9). Hexane: control, N=14
(9); wash, N=13 (9); extract, N=11 (9). (B) Varying doses of
whole extract HPLC eluent applied to eggs reveals a significant dose-dependent
effect (P=0.002, one-tailed Jonckheere–Terpstra test). The
median Pgregarious value for crude (unprocessed by HPLC)
foam extract at a concentration of 0.1 foam plug equivalent is shown as a
broken line. Individuals per treatment are shown above bars with number of
contributing egg pods in parentheses.
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