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Figure 3


Fig. 3. Kinematics of tracheal compression in Pterostichus stygicus. Data depict width changes at one location (Fig. 1, blue arrow) of a primary tracheal tube located in the mesothorax. For comparison, the compression cycles are overlaid at time zero. (A,B) Variation in compression cycles within two individual beetles. In A, the beetle (mass 193.0 mg) used similar compression and reinflation dynamics, but with variable duration of the compressed phase. The beetle in B (mass 155.7 mg) displayed highly regular compression cycles. (C) Average compression cycles for five individuals. Each line represents an average of five compression cycles for each individual. (D) Summary of compression dynamics: i, collapse; ii, static compression; iii, reinflation. Blue line represents the average of the five individuals in C, each normalized to percentage width and percentage time. Gray shading represents 1 s.d. from the mean.





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