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Fig. 8. Predicted mechanical work and efficiency of anuran swimming. As in
Fig. 7, contour plots show peak
rotational (x-axis) and peak translational velocity (y-axis)
resulting from incrementally varying the input translational and rotational
displacements in the numerical model. The color scale (from 0 to 100%) shows
(A) net COM work (hydrodynamic and inertial forces acting on the body x
total distance traveled) over each power stroke, (B) total net joint work (the
sum of work produced at the hip, knee and ankle) over each power stroke, (C)
net efficiency (net COM work/total net joint work) and (D) percentage
deceleration [100%x(peak COM velocity – final COM velocity)/peak
COM velocity].