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Figure 3


Fig. 3. Representative traces of Xenopus laevis kinematics for two power strokes. Each stroke was defined as the period of positive COM acceleration (i.e. the period between the onset of swimming and peak COM velocity). Foot translational velocity (solid red line) and rotational velocity (blue line) during (A) slow swimming and (B) fast swimming. Swimming velocity traces (dashed black line) were scaled to fit the data range shown. For A and B, outlines of X. laevis are shown at various stages during the power stroke: I, onset of swimming; II, peak COM acceleration; III, peak translational foot velocity; IV, peak rotational foot velocity; V, peak COM velocity (defined as the end of the power stroke). Joint angles for the hip (solid line), knee (dashed line), ankle (dash-dot line) and foot (dotted line) are shown in the lower panels of A and B.





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