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Fig. 8. The turning moments generated by the tail (solid black circles) and neck
(open circles) as a function of the birds' position inside the obstacle
course. The data are means ± s.d. from eight birds passing through the
obstacle course at the highest difficulty level (0.36 m between the barriers,
Fig. 1). Note the order of
magnitude difference in the scale of the vertical axes. Red symbols are the
angular acceleration of the body, which correlates with the moment of the
tail. Vertical arrows denote the position of the vertical barriers. The
horizontal axis is the same as in Figs
5,
6,
7 to allow equivalent
evaluation.