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Figure 7


Fig. 7. Estimated marginal means from the statistical model (see text). Error bars represent the 95% confidence interval of the estimate and wing positions are outer wing (lz), mid-wing (ly), inner wing (lx) and centre of body (lr). (A) Normalized circulation {Gamma}/Uc of the main start and stop vortices at different wing positions in the near and far wake based on the combined dataset. The means were estimated at a flight speed of U=5.3 m s–1. c, mean chord. (B) Normalized circulation ({Gamma}/Uc) of the main start and stop vortices at different wing positions based on the near-wake data. The means were estimated at U=3.5 m s–1. (C) Circulation of the main start and stop vortices relative to the total circulation ({Gamma}/{Gamma}tot) of the same sense at different wing locations in the near and far wake, based on the combined data set. The means were estimated at U=5.4 m s–1.





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