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Fig. 1. Crowding reversibly alters total breathing time (TBT). A naïve cohort
of snails (N=23) received a 30-min hypoxic challenge (10–12
snails/500 ml; Pre-obs). The mean TBT (± s.e.m.) is plotted on the
y-axis. These snails were then placed into crowded conditions (20
snails/100 ml) for 24h and were then given a second hypoxic challenge
(Post-obs 1). Snails were then placed into an uncrowded aquarium (two
snails/100 ml) for 24h. A Kruskal–Wallis (non-parametric ANOVA) was
performed on these data (KW=19.326; P<0.01) followed by a Dunn's
Multiple Comparison test. TBT was significantly less in Post-obs 1 compared
with Pre-obs (*P<0.01). TBT in Post-obs 2 was
significantly greater than in Post-obs 1 (P<0.01). There was no
statistical difference between Pre-obs and Post-obs 2
(P>0.05).
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