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Figure 2


Fig. 2. Ethological characterization of sleep stages in honeybees. (A) Bout duration at different sleep stages (mean ± s.e.m.), for a representative forager. Similar results were obtained for 15 additional foragers (N=21–194 bouts/bee). (B) Antennae movements at different sleep stages (mean ± s.e.m.), for a representative forager. Similar results were obtained for 16 additional foragers (N=131–906 min/bee). Different capital letters indicate statistically significant differences. (C) Group summary of antennae movement data for all foragers and callows. There was no significant difference between foragers and callows (see supplementary material Table S1). (D) Summary of bout duration data for all foragers and callows. Bout duration differed between foragers and callows (see supplementary material Table S2). Numbers within or above bars are the sample sizes. Filled bars, foragers; open bars, callows; left panels, colony H3; middle panels, colony H12; right panels, colony S25. FS, first sleep stage; SS, second sleep stage; TS, third sleep stage.





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