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Fig. 7. Phylogeny, head size and force production in Odontomachus. Head
sizes are species means, scaled to 2 mm bar. Bar graph shows force production
predicted by independent-contrast model (blue bars), species mean data (maroon
bars), and star-phylogeny model (beige bars) for each species studied. Forces
calculated from actual species means differed from head width-based
predictions from phylogenetically corrected models by an absolute mean value
of 12%, and from the uncorrected models by 11%. Predictions derived from
uncorrected (star-phylogeny) and phylogeny-corrected models differed by an
average of 3%.
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