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Fig. 10. Outputs of two EMD system types in freely flying fruit flies. (A) According
to previous findings on yaw torque production in tethered flies, we simulated
a rotation-sensitive EMD system (upper pictogram) and an expansion-sensitive
system with a lateral focus of expansion (lower pictogram). (B,C) Relative
mean EMD output of the rotation system estimated from the Gaussian fit to the
histograms shown in Fig. 9A and
B, respectively. Errors represent the standard deviation of the
fit, which is 0.5 the width of the Gaussian curve at half-peak height. Data in
B and C show the mean difference (left-minus-right eye) and sum
(left-plus-right eye) of the EMD response between the two eyes, respectively.
(D) Relative mean EMD output (left-minus-right eye) of an expansion-sensitive
system estimated from Gaussian fits similar to those shown in
Fig. 9A,B. (E,F) EMD response
of the rotation (black)- and expansion (red)-sensitive EMD system in flight
sequences derived from two flies flying in a stationary environment in E and
during 300° s–1 arena velocity in F. See text for
details. cw, clockwise turning (grey area); cww, counter clockwise
turning.
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