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Fig. 2. (A) Stretch increases force in the absence of an increase in the amplitude
of the [Ca2+]i transient. [Ca2+]i
(upper traces, measured by aqueorin, expressed in nA) and tension (lower
traces, expressed in mN mm–2) in an intact cat trabeculae at
100% (peak of length–tension relationship) and 81% (on ascending limb of
length–tension relationship) of Lmax (length at which force
is maximal). Figure is from Allen and Kurihara
(Allen and Kurihara, 1982),
with permission. (B) Simultaneous measurement of changes in tension (upper
panel) and [Ca2+]i (lower panel) in a ventricular
myocyte from the rainbow trout at resting length (dotted line) and after a
stretch (solid line), showing the increase in force without an increase in
[Ca2+]i. Figure is from Shiels et al.
(Shiels et al., 2006), with
permission. (C) Force [pCa (–log10 Ca
mol–1)] curves in skinned frog ventricular myocytes. As
sarcomere length (SL) is increased there is a leftward shift in the curve
indicating an increase in myofilament Ca2+ sensitivity. SL:
circles, 2.2–2.3 µm; triangles, 2.6–2.7 µm; squares,
3.0–3.1 µm) Figure is from Fabiato and Fabiato
(Fabiato and Fabiato, 1978b),
with permission.
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