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Fig. 1. The `Yerkes-Dodson law' is derived from experiments performed in the early
1900s and as plotted here (left) demonstrates a relationship between stress or
arousal and performance. That is, in this conceptual scheme memory formation
gets better with increasing stress, but only to a certain point: when levels
of stress become too high, the ability to form memory decreases. A similar
curve (right) has been experimentally derived with increasing concentrations
of KCl as a stressor in Lymnaea [reprinted from Martens et al.
(Martens et al., 2007a), with
permission from Elsevier]. Briefly, when a 5 mmoll–1
concentration of KCl was used in the bath, memory was not observed. With
concentrations of KCl greater than 25 mmoll–1 memory was
obtained, but the optimal concentration of KCl was 25 mmoll–1
as with increasing concentrations the resultant memory was not as robust.
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