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Fig. 10. (A) Lag time between EMG onset and when lateral flexion was maximally
convex on the side of muscle activity. (B) Lag time between EMG offset and
when lateral flexion was maximally concave on the side of muscle activity. (C)
Phase shifts between EMG onset and when lateral flexion was maximally convex
on the side of muscle activity. (D) Phase shifts between EMG offset and when
lateral flexion was maximally concave on the side of muscle activity. Values
of zero for both phase shifts indicate muscle activity during the entire time
of fiber shortening. Note that the magnitude of both phase shifts increased
significantly with increased viscosity.