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Figure 1


Fig. 1. Example of zebra finch song illustrating physiological and acoustic data. Terminology used for description of different temporal units of song is explained using the air sac pressure trace (P): i, introductory notes. Inset shows the three different syllables corresponding to expiratory pulses of the song motif (1, 2 and 3), interrupted by minibreaths (a and b). Air sac pressure patterns differ markedly between quiet respiration and song. Expiratory pressure is defined as pressure values above and inspiratory pressure as values below the ambient pressure line (orange horizontal line), respectively. Tracheal airflow (F) shows a regular flow pattern during quiet respiration and the altered temporal and amplitude pattern during song. The flow data do not indicate direction of airflow, but the direction can be inferred from air sac pressure. The sound is shown spectrographically (bottom panel).





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