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Fig. 2. Duplicationdegeneration/complementation model of Force, Lynch, and
colleagues (e.g. Force et al.,
2005; Force et al.,
1999). (A) After duplication, if one duplicate retains the
original function, the other may either evolve a new function or deteriorate.
(B) After duplication of a gene or module with multiple functions, the
duplicates may each evolve distinct functions as long as each function of the
ancestral gene/module continues.