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Fig. 1. An overview of current and emerging technologies for genomic sequencing.
Sequencing can be classified into four main strategies: in vitro
cloning, in vivo cloning, amplification and mass spectrometry, and
single-molecule approaches. The mass spectrometry and single-molecule
approaches are still either very specialized or in the developmental stages,
although mass spectrometry methods such as the MassArray method is commonly
used for single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) analysis
(Jurinke et al., 2002). In
vivo cloning followed by Sanger sequencing is the workhorse method of
most current genome sequencing projects. The in vitro cloning
technologies can be further divided into methods that employ sequencing by
synthesis, such as the 454 and Solexa methods, or those that use hybridization
and ligation of oligonucleotides, such as MPSS (massively parallel signature
sequencing) and polony methods.
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