spacer gif spacer gif spacer gif spacer gif spacer gif
QUICK SEARCH:   [advanced]


spacer gif
     Home     Help     Feedback     Subscriptions     Archive     Search     Table of Contents    

Right arrow Help viewing high resolution images
Right arrow Return to article

(Downloading may take up to 30 seconds.
If the slide opens in your browser, select File -> Save As to save it.)
Click on image to view larger version.


Figure 4


Fig. 4. Vertical force augmentation due to dorsal wing–wing interaction in 17 gross kinematic patterns. (A) Augmentation of vertical force (two-wing minus one-wing performance) plotted as a function of mean vertical force produced throughout the stroke cycle, (B) vertical force augmentation plotted against mean vertical force coefficient based on a conventional quasi-steady approach, (C) vertical force augmentation plotted against the relative contribution of wing rotation (rotational effect) and wake capture to quasi-steady translational vertical force, and (D) change in orientation of total force vector (pictogram) due to dorsal clap-and-fling wing–wing interaction. Letters plotted on or close to data points correspond to the letters of the kinematic patterns shown in Fig. 2.





Right arrow Return to article