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Fig. 7. Mean values of joint angles and limb segment orientation. The relative
length (% total limb length) of each segment within a limb is also a mean
value for each of the study species of the fore and hindlimbs at footfall
(A,C) and midstance (B,D) for all species. From proximal to distal, the end
points of the line segments represent shoulder, elbow, wrist, distal end of
the metacarpals and tips of the toes of the forelimb at footfall (A) and
midstance (B). From proximal to distal, the end points of the line segments
represent hip, knee, ankle, distal end of the metatarsals and tips of the toes
of the hindlimb at footfall (C) and midstance (D). The reference scale on the
left indicates the potential height of a limb if all limb segments were
vertical and all joint angles were 180°.
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