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Figure 1


Fig. 1. The oviposition digging rhythm. (A) Photographs showing the cyclical movements of the locust ovipositor valves. (i) The dorsal valves (D.V.) and ventral valves (V.V.) in their closed positions. (ii) The protractive movements of the ovipositor push the valves out of the abdomen. (iii,iv) The opening movements of the ovipositor valves can be seen (iv=fully open). (v,vi) The simultaneous closing and retraction movements of the valves, returning the valves back to their original closed position. Small arrows indicate the direction of movement of the valves. (B) A recording from the left and right dorsal and ventral opener muscles. All four muscles were active and in phase during the opening (O) movement of the digging rhythm. `C' represents the closed phase of the digging rhythm. (C) A recording from a ventral opener and ventral closer muscle. The ventral closer muscle bursts (C) directly after the ventral opener muscle (O) in order to pull the valves shut. (D) A recording from the ventral opener and ventral retractor muscle. The ventral retractor muscle bursts (R) directly after the ventral opener muscle.





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