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Fig. 5. Fish cost of transport (COT) in relation to swimming speed. Green
traces: specialist undulatory swimmers; bluefin tuna, Thunnus
orientalis (Blank et al.,
2007); cod, Gadus morhua (Reidy et al., 1999); rainbow
trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Webb,
1971); coho salmon, Oncoryhnchus tshchawystcha
(Gallaugher et al., 2001);
European eel, Anguilla anguilla
(van Ginneken et al., 2005).
Black traces: species that utilize median paired fin (MPF) swimming only at
low speeds, switching to undulatory swimming at higher speeds; bluegill
sunfish (present study); pumpkinseed, Lepomis gibbosus
(Brett and Sutherland, 1965);
triggerfish, Rhinecanthus aculeatus
(Korsmeyer et al., 2002);
white crappie, Pomoxis annularis
(Parsons and Sylvester, 1992).
Red traces: high-speed undulatory swimming in species that use MPF swimming at
low speeds; bluegill sunfish (present study); pumpkinseed
(Brett and Sutherland, 1965);
triggerfish (Korsmeyer et al.,
2002); white crappie (Parsons
and Sylvester, 1992). Blue traces: species that use labriform
swimming across a wide range of speeds, with no gait change to sustained
undulatory swimming; shiner perch, Cymatogaster aggregata
(Webb, 1974); parrotfish,
Scarus schlegeli (Korsmeyer et
al., 2002).
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