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Fig. 7. Alula mechanics during gliding perching manoeuvre. Time interval between
frames: 80 ms. (A) Alula is flush with the wing during the early stages of the
gliding approach. (B) Alula peels from the tip towards the end of the gliding
approach. (C) Hand-wing begins to sweep back, causing peeling alula to
protrude further from wing surface. (D) Alula actively protracts. An animation
of the complete sequence at 500 frames s–1 showing the entire
bird is provided in supplementary material Movie 7.