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Fig. 3. Aggressive sounds produced by the Hawaiian sergeant fish, Abudefduf
abdominalis. (A,B) Sonograms (top) and oscillograms (bottom) show an
aggressive >2 pulse sound with four pulses and a 1–2 pulse sound with
two short pulses with an interpulse interval of 
100 ms. (C) Power spectra
of the first pulse of the 2 pulse sound and second pulse of the 4 pulse sound
show that both aggressive sound types are broadband, with peak energies of
<1 kHz, without prominent harmonic intervals. Power spectra calculated by
128-point FFT (Hanning window). Spectral display settings are Hanning window,
128 point, 75% window width. (D) Aggressive 1–2 pulse sounds have
shorter individual pulse and total sound durations compared to the >2 pulse
sounds. Data are plotted as means ± s.e.m.
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