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Fig. 2. Optical elements and their combinations for generating the visual stimuli.
To produce polarized stimuli for tests and motivation controls, we used a
linear polarizer overlaid with a diffuser, a combination termed `polarization
screen'. For the zero controls, the polarization screen was inverted, thus
resulting in an unpolarized stimulus. Depending on the experiment, the
polarization screen was combined with an additional diffuser, with an optical
retarder or annuli consisting of opaque or diffusing material (for details see
text). Note that the maximal diameter of the stimulus (not shown) was 92°
for Stimulus size and Clouds experiments but 25° for the Haze experiment
due to technical reasons. Elements marked with an asterisk were used under
specific experimental conditions only. The resulting degree of polarization
(d or 
) is indicated at the
bottom of each table cell.
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