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Fig. 2. Group mean vertical (A) and anterior–posterior (B) ground reaction
forces (normalized to body weight, BW) during walking with stride rates above
(+20%), below (–20%), and at the preferred rate. The ±10%
conditions have been omitted for clarity, but were generally intermediate to
the preferred and ±20% conditions. At higher stride rates there were
greater fluctuations in the vertical force, reduced peak anterior-posterior
forces, and the stance phase lasted a greater proportion of the gait cycle.
Zero and 100% of the gait cycle correspond to right heel strike, and the end
of the stance phase coincides with the forces going to zero.