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Fig. 4. Inhibitory learning effects of pre-exposure to linalool paired with a
mechanosensory control, quinine or sinigrin on acquisition and retention. (A)
Responses to the mechanosensory stimulus, quinine and sinigrin during
pre-exposure. The odorant linalool alone elicited no responses. Different
letters indicate significant between-group differences (Mann–Whitney
tests, P<0.05). (B) Effect of pre-exposure on acquisition in
moths. The group of moths receiving quinine treatment showed lower acquisition
than the control group, suggesting an aversive effect of quinine. Such an
aversive effect appeared only as a tendency for sinigrin. The untreated group
of moths was not pre-exposed. The control group showed reduced acquisition
compared with the untreated group, corresponding to a latent inhibition
effect. Different letters indicate significant between-group differences
(Mann–Whitney tests, P<0.05). (C) The control group showed
higher retention than the quinine treatment group, but not the sinigrin
treatment group. The control group was not different from the untreated group
in retention. Different letters indicate significant between-group differences
(Fisher's exact tests, P<0.05).
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