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Fig. 3. Sound and muscle activity during the ring dove coo. (A,B,E,F,I,J) Typical
results of (A,E,I) sound oscillograms and (B,F,J) spectrograms of the
stereotyped ring dove coo, which consists of two syllables (S1, S2),
followed by an inspiratory note (arrow in B) of three individuals D#1–3.
Syllable S2 starts with a trill (tr). The result of the
fundamental frequency analysis is superimposed on the spectrogram. The colour
of the trace indicates the RMS value of the corresponding bin
(yellow–red; low–high). (D,C,G,H,K,L) Electromyographic recording
of TL (C,G,K) and (D,H,L) ST. EMG signal: upward, rectified and integrated
with time-constant of 1 ms; downward, rectified. The part of the coo in the
rectangle of dove D#1 is shown enlarged in
Fig. 4. The timescale is the
same for all panels.
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