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Fig. 1. Syrinx morphology. (A) Morphology of the fresh syrinx of a male ring dove.
The m. tracheolateralis (TL) inserts on the lateral tympaniform membrane
(LTM). Because the TL muscle fibers seemingly overlap rostrally with fibers of
the m. trachealis (TR), the origin of the TL cannot be determined exactly
in vivo. The left and right m. sternotrachealis (ST) run together in
several layers of fascia from their origin around tracheal ring T17–T19.
The muscle fibers of the left ST overlap the fibers of the right ST. Around
T12, the two muscles split, run through the interclavicular air sac (ICAS)
separately and insert bilaterally on two protuberances of the sternum (not
shown). (A different version of the image in A was also provided in the
supplementary information accompanying
Elemans et al., 2004.) (B)
Sections through the trachea and syrinx using Masson's Trichrome stain. Muscle
fibers of the TL and TR can be distinguished by following the sarcolemma in
subsequent sections. The ST runs in the midline of the body, because the
syrinx is tilted considerably with respect to the body. B1, B2, bronchial
rings; LTM, Lateral tympaniform membrane; T1–T11, tracheal rings; prefix
r and l indicate right and left, respectively.
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