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Fig. 3. (A) The effect of exposure to hypercarbia (filled bars), for periods
ranging from 1 h to 24 h, on trout cytoplasmic carbonic anhydrase (tCAc) mRNA
expression in the gills of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)
relative to the expression of ß-actin mRNA (relative tCAc mRNA
expression), as determined by real-time PCR. Values are means ± 1
s.e.m. and N=6 for each period of exposure to hypercarbia. For
statistical analysis, values were compared to corresponding relative tCAc mRNA
expression values for fish (N=6 in each case) held under control
(normocarbic) conditions for the corresponding period of time; a single group
of control fish sampled at 3 h served as the control for 1, 2 and 3 h of
exposure to hypercarbia. In each case, mRNA expression in the control group
was given a relative value of 1 (open bar), and an asterisk therefore
indicates relative tCAc mRNA expression in the hypercarbic fish that was
significantly different from 1 (one-sample Student's t-test,
P<0.05). (B,C) Representative images of tCAc mRNA localization by
in situ hybridization in the gills of (B) control and (C) hypercarbic
(24 h at a nominal PWCO2 of 6 Torr; 1
Torr=133.3 Pa) trout. Scale bars, 20 µm.
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