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Fig. 5. Where camouflage relies on matching stripes on a body pattern to stripes in
the background, mismatches due to small errors may severely compromise
camouflage. (A) A cartoon of the camouflage situation faced by our cuttlefish,
together with the optimal camouflage pattern (stripes that exactly match the
substrate). If this were possible, it would be the best strategy. To achieve
this perfect match, the animal needs to both accurately estimate the
frequency, orientation and phase of the substrate, and also generate to a
matching pattern. (B) Shows the results of a small error (10%) in estimating
the frequency of the substrate. As can be seen, this small error results in
highly visible structure around the cuttlefish. (C) Shows the result of a 10%
error in frequency, phase and orientation. These small errors can result in a
pattern that is more visible than one that either simply matched the average
luminance, or employs a disruptive pattern.
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