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Fig. 1. The advertisement call of male Gulf toadfish is termed a boatwhistle. Shown
here is a spectrogram (top) and oscillogram (bottom) of a representative
boatwhistle recorded in May, 2002 at 28.6°C. A single call includes a
series of non-harmonic `grunts' that are followed by a multi-harmonic, tonal
`hoot'. Adapted with permission from Remage-Healey and Bass
(Remage-Healey and Bass,
2005).