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Fig. 2. Behavioral responses to 25 µmol N l-1 ammonia-N (Amm),
urea-N, a 1:1 ammonia-N/urea-N mixture (A/U Mix) and controls during 60 min
observation periods. Clarified toadfish homogenate, a positive control, was
delivered last. The behavioral index is the sum of snapper responses
characterized by entry into the shelter, passing 0-25 cm from shelter opening,
passing 25-50 cm from shelter, and hovering while visually scanning shelter
interior, which were awarded 5, 2, 1 and 1 points, respectively. The baseline
reflects activity prior to odorant delivery. Data were log(x+1)
transformed for equal variance. The paired t-test was used to examine
each treatment and its alternate seawater control, and significant differences
are denoted by an asterisk. Differences among treatment group where determined
with a repeated measures ANOVA (F=14.509, P<0.001,
N=10) and significantly different groups are indicated by different
letters.
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