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Fig. 8. Downstream position of the head in the flow tank every 5 s for 1 h under different experimental treatments (N=4 fish). (A) Fish that possess both vision and the lateral line (V+L+₁) immediately start to Kármán gait in the vortex street at a defined distance downstream of the cylinder (blue shaded bar) and remain there for the entire experiment. Mean downstream positions are shown (vertical, orange solid line; N=4 fish) along with the standard deviation (orange broken lines). The green shaded bar indicates the region that fish occupy when they entrain. Note that the upstream edge of this region (30 cm) is where the downstream edge of the D-cylinder (not shown) is located. (B) In the dark (gray fill), fish with only a lateral line (V–L+₁) initially explore the length of the flow tank and occasionally Kármán gait. However, by the last half of the experiment, all fish prefer to entrain. (C) In the light, fish with a blocked lateral line (red box; V+L–₂) show both entraining and Kármán gaiting behavior without a dominating preference for either, unlike all other treatments. (D) Fish without vision or an intact lateral line (gray fill and red box; V–L–₂), prefer to entrain rather than Kármán gait, much like in B. When fish with a blocked lateral line stray away from `entraining' and `Kármán gaiting' regions they do so throughout the experiment, unlike fish with an intact lateral line.

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