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Fig. 2. Comparison of theoretical predictions with the speeds, stroke frequencies,
and force outputs of a wide variety of animals
(Iriarte-Diaz, 2002;
Drucker and Jensen, 1996;
Pennycuik, 1975; Heglund et al.,
1974; Marden and Allen,
2002; Taylor et al.,
2003; Rohr and Fish,
2004; Bartholomew and Casey,
1978; Marsh, 1988;
Wakeling and Ellington, 1997;
Marden et al., 1997;
Tennekes, 1997;
Kiceniuk and Jones, 1977;
May, 1995;
Arnott et al., 1998;
Peake and Farrell, 2004;
Muller and Leeuwen, 2004;
Bartholomew et al., 1985;
Blickhan and Full, 1987;
Full and Tu, 1991). The
theoretical predictions are based on scale analysis, which neglects factors of
order 1 and therefore should be accurate in an order of magnitude sense.
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