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Fig. 1. Schematic view of the experimental setup. Training took place in a 10 m
channel with an exit hole on the side, where ants were able to enter and leave
the setup and forage to a feeder 9 m down the channel. The coloured
rectangular area denotes the position of the ground landmark during training
(PI-position). For tests, the ants were transferred into another channel 18 m
long and aligned parallel to the training channel. Within this test channel
ants were presented with a ground landmark at varying positions (LM-position)
relative to the position indicated by their path integrator (PI-position,
experiment 1), or with ground landmarks differing from the training landmark
in visual or tactile properties (experiment 2). The first six U-turns of the
ant's search behaviour were recorded. Drawings are not to scale.