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Fig. 1. Pooled distributions representing the initial orientation of the three
experimental groups: SS, sham operated control pigeons; V1, pigeons subjected
to the resection of the ophthalmic branch of the trigeminal nerve; ON, pigeons
subjected to the resection of the olfactory nerve. The pooled distributions
(mean vector direction,
, and mean vector length, r) were
obtained by setting the home direction (H) to 360°. Each symbol represents
the vanishing bearing of a single bird. The open and the filled dots represent
the birds released from Bolgheri and Marinella, respectively. The outer arrow
indicates the home direction, the inner arrow represents the distribution's
mean vector. The inner lines delimitate the 95% confidence interval of the
distribution.