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Fig. 7. (A) Vertical (solid lines) and horizontal (broken lines) velocity squared (v2) at the moment of body contact against arm angle at touchdown. The effect of a change in horizontal velocity of the jump becomes visible in the difference between the colours. Optimal arm angle is defined as the arm angle for which both v2 are minimal (in the crossing of the solid and the broken lines) and is shown for each horizontal flight velocity as a full circle. From this graph we could determine the relationship between optimal angle and horizontal velocity, which we used to verify our predictions. (B) The relationship between optimal angle and horizontal velocity is shown as a solid line on top of a scatterplot showing the observed arm angles at touchdown against the horizontal velocity of the jump. Regression equation, angle=18xhorizontal velocity+100.5; units for v2, m2 s-2.





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