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Fig. 9. (A) A typical tree. (B) A page from Leonardo's notebooks illustrating his
discovery of area-preserving branching for trees. (C) A plot of the number of
branches of a given size in an individual tree versus their diameter (in cm)
showing the predicted inverse square law behaviour. (D) A plot of the number
of trees of a given size vs their trunk diameter (in cm) showing the
predicted inverse square law behaviour. The data are from a forest in Malaysia
taken at times separated by 34 years, illustrating the robustness of the
result. Even though the individual composition of the forest has changed over
this period the inverse square law has persisted. Figure taken from West and
Brown (2004), with
permission.